Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is most frequently detected through imaging tests. In this study, we investigated serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as a possible early screening tool for resectable lung cancer. First, we used serum samples from participants with and without lung cancer to comprehensively create 2588 miRNAs profiles; next, we established a diagnostic model based on the combined expression levels of two miRNAs (miR-1268b and miR-6075) in the discovery set (208 lung cancer patients and 208 non-cancer participants). The model displayed a sensitivity of 99% and specificity of 99% in the validation set (1358 patients and 1970 non-cancer participants) and exhibited high sensitivity regardless of histological type and pathological TNM stage of the cancer. Moreover, the diagnostic index markedly decreased after lung cancer resection. Thus, the model we developed has the potential to markedly improve screening for resectable lung cancer.
Highlights
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is most frequently detected through imaging tests
Among the 1698 lung cancer serum samples, 74 were excluded due to low-quality microarray results, 33 due to past history of other cancers, 25 due to lack of patient information, 19 due to treatment before collection of serum, and 4 because the interval between serum collection and surgery was greater than 180 days, leaving 1566 samples for analysis (Fig. 1)
We observed no significant difference in patient characteristics, including age, sex, or smoking history, between the 208 lung cancer patients and 208 non-cancer participants
Summary
The leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is most frequently detected through imaging tests. The diagnostic index markedly decreased after lung cancer resection. The model we developed has the potential to markedly improve screening for resectable lung cancer. The 5-year overall survival rate in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer is approximately 80%2. The. National Lung Screening Trial revealed that high-risk participants who underwent CT screening had a 20% decrease in lung cancer mortality[3]. National Lung Screening Trial revealed that high-risk participants who underwent CT screening had a 20% decrease in lung cancer mortality[3] Based on this result, in 2014, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) released recommendations for low-dose CT scans for lung cancer screening in high-risk patients (people 55–74 years old with a 30 pack-year smoking history who currently smoke or quit within the past 15 years)[4]
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