Abstract
Traditional helix antenna is firstly modified to radiate orbital angular momentum (OAM) wave, which has a compact size and an outstanding gain. Firstly, general principle of generating OAM by helix antenna is introduced. Secondly, field pattern and electromagnetic field distribution on helix OAM antenna are analyzed. Then, based on the preceding analysis, a dual-OAM-mode helix antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. Instead of using traditional helical wire, this prototype is realized by PCB on flexible dielectric laminate, which is rolled into a hollow cylinder. This makes the proposed antenna easy to be fabricated and fully miniaturized. Both simulation and measurement show that it can generate OAM with mode number l = 2 and 3 independently on 5 GHz. From 4.8 to 5.2 GHz, vortex phase of both OAM modes is clearly observed, VSWR remains below 1.6, and the simulated peak gain varies from 8.1 to 8.7 dB, which stands out among existing OAM antennas with similar size.
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