Abstract
Canine viral diarrhea is a severe disease in dogs worldwide. The role of canine parvovirus (CPV) in canine viral diarrhea is a common health problem in dogs, attracting major concern from veterinarians and dog owners across China. In this mini-review, we summarize the CPV epidemiology in China, including its origin, prevalence, coinfection, and the genetic evolution of the virus. The review reveals the correlation between CPV-2 infection and seasonality, a dog's age/gender/breed/vaccination; that CPV-2 is the main causative agent of canine diarrhea in Northeast China and that coinfection with other pathogens is a common occurrence; the predominant CPV epidemic strains were the new CPV-2a, and CPV-2c has shown significant growth trends since 2010. This mini-review will provide valuable information for CPV infections across China and other countries.
Highlights
In canine disease, viral diarrhea has a high incidence because of etiology complexity, which causes serious harm to the canine industry and dogs
Dogs that become infected by canine parvovirus (CPV) show illness within 3–7 days, presenting with severe gastroenteritis, lethargy, vomiting, fever, and diarrhea [10,11,12]
The original viral strain, designated as CPV-2 to distinguish it from CPV1 which is known as canine minute virus and was believed to be non-pathogenic until 1992 [13]
Summary
Viral diarrhea has a high incidence because of etiology complexity, which causes serious harm to the canine industry and dogs. We have summarized contemporary data on the progression of CPV-2 epidemiology in China, including the virus origin, prevalence, coinfection, and evolution. Since 1970, suspected CPV-2 infections have repeatedly caused acute diarrhea disease in police dogs in East, Southwest, and Northeast China [29].
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