Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb3 (G-Rb3) is one of the primary active compounds isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer, which belongs to protopanaxadiol ginsenosides (PPD). Based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of ginsenosides, the pentose structure of G-Rb3 limited itself to possess more pharmacological activity to a certain extent. However, pharmacokinetics show that G-Rb3 is processed through deglycosylation in the intestinal tract and converted into more active rare saponins, such as Compound K, F2, etc. A series of studies focused on neuroprotection and the cardiovascular system demonstrating its therapeutic potentials, which was achieved by diminishing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, more systematic and in-depth studies are needed to complete the pharmaceutical value and to promote its clinical applications. This article highlights the multiple pharmacological effects and mechanisms of G-Rb3 and prospects for its development.
Highlights
Ginseng, a highly valuable and special medicinal herb, has been proposed to be an adaptogen over 2000 years in China (Chen et al, 2008; Gao et al, 2016)
The rare ginsenoside Rg3 is formed with special functions after being metabolized in the body owing to its crucial transformation in sugar
Protective effects for nervous system and possible mechanisms According to pretreatment or posttreatment of Ginsenoside Rb3 (G-Rb3) in different experimental reports, the potential effect of G-Rb3 on the central nervous system injury model is mainly aimed at hypoxic/ischemia brain injury and oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) stress
Summary
A highly valuable and special medicinal herb, has been proposed to be an adaptogen over 2000 years in China (Chen et al, 2008; Gao et al, 2016). For SAR, G-Rb3 shows potentials for the prevention of neurological and cardiovascular diseases, the pentose structure (3 sugars) of G-Rb3 limits itself from possessing more pharmacological activity to a certain extent. G-Rb3 possesses 1 xylose and 3 glucose moieties with 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) aglycone (Fig. 1), which is one of the major ginsenosides with a content of about 2.1 mg/g in P. ginseng Meyer (Liu et al, 2016). A. Mey. Recent studies revealed that the type of dammarane, the number of sugar moieties, and differences in the substituent groups were responsible for its anti-cancer effect owing to its biological SAR (Liu et al, 2003; Wang et al, 2007). Further study demonstrated that deglycosylation was the major metabolic pathway of G-Rb3 in rats, and the mean plasma elimination half-lives for distribution and exterminate phases t1/2α and t1/2β were 13.77 ± 1.23 min and 2045.70 ± 156.20 min (Zhao et al, 2018). Pharmacokinetic parameters of Rb3 after i.v. (10 mg/kg) and oral (50 mg/kg) administration in rats
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
