Abstract
Non-augmentative surgical therapy of peri-implantitis is indicated for cases with primarily horizontal bone loss or wide defects with limited potential for bone regeneration and/or re-osseointegration. This treatment approach includes a variety of different techniques (e.g., open flap debridement, resection of peri-implant mucosa, apically positioned flaps, bone re-contouring, implantoplasty, etc.) and various relevant aspects should be considered during treatment planning. The present mini review provides an overview on what is known for the following components of non-augmentative surgical treatment of peri-implantitis and on potential future research challenges: (1) decontamination of the implant surface, (2) need of implantoplasty, (3) prescription of antibiotics, and (4) extent of resective measures.
Highlights
Due to the high number of annually placed dental implants worldwide in combination with the high prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, treatment of biological peri-implant complications has become part of everyday praxis [1, 2]
While the treatment of peri-implant mucositis often leads to a significant reduction in the degree of peri-implant inflammation in the majority of cases, the rate of disease recurrence after non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is high [3,4,5], which in turn leads often to the necessity of surgical interventions; these can be either augmentative or non-augmentative in nature
The present mini review provides an overview on what is known for the following components of non-augmentative surgical treatment of peri-implantitis and on the potential future research challenges: [1] decontamination of the implant surface, [2] need of implantoplasty, [3] prescription of antibiotics, and [4] extent of resection
Summary
Due to the high number of annually placed dental implants worldwide (i.e., roughly > 12 million implants are installed per year) in combination with the high prevalence of peri-implant mucositis (ca. 43%) and peri-implantitis (ca. 22%), treatment of biological peri-implant complications has become part of everyday praxis [1, 2]. While the treatment of peri-implant mucositis often leads to a significant reduction in the degree of peri-implant inflammation (i.e., reduced bleeding upon probing) in the majority of cases, the rate of disease recurrence after non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is high [3,4,5], which in turn leads often to the necessity of surgical interventions; these can be either augmentative or non-augmentative in nature. While for cases with primarily horizontal bone loss or wide defects with reduced potential for bone regeneration a non-augmentative and potentially even resective approach should be chosen (e.g., open flap debridement, resection of peri-implant mucosa, and/or apically positioned flap, with/without bone re-contouring, with/without implantoplasty, etc.); a primarily horizontal bone loss can be found in approximately every fifth implant affected by peri-implant bone loss [8]. The present mini review provides an overview on what is known for the following components of non-augmentative surgical treatment of peri-implantitis and on the potential future research challenges: [1] decontamination of the implant surface, [2] need of implantoplasty, [3] prescription of antibiotics, and [4] extent of resection
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