Abstract
The energy crisis and environmental pollution have attracted much attention and have promoted researches on clean and sustainable hydrogen energy resources. With the help of highly active and stable transition metal nickel-based catalysts, the production of hydrogen from water electrolysis from electrolyzed water has become an inexpensive and efficient strategy for generating hydrogen energy. In recent years, heteroatom doping has been found to be an effective strategy to improve the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performances of nickel-based catalysts in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media. This review will highlight many recent works of inexpensive and readily available heteroatom-doped nickel-based HER catalysts. The evaluation methods for the performances of HER catalyst will be briefly described, and the role of heteroatom doping and its application in nickel-based catalyst will be summarized. This article will also point out some heteroatom doping strategies, which may provide references and inspire the design of other catalysts with dopants.
Highlights
As the pace of industrialization accelerates, non-renewable energy resources like fossil fuels are continuously consumed and their reserves are gradually reduced
The Tafel slope calculated by this method, in contrast to that obtained from voltammetry data, is not influenced by catalyst resistances, and can purely reflect the charge-transfer kinetics
generalized gradient approximation (GGA)+U method to address the strong correlation effect among the partially filled Ni-3d orbitals, the authors predicted that B and C heteroatom doping into NiPS3 could decrease its bandgap via bringing about the appearance of electronic states around the Fermi level; the catalyst transform to a metal-like material
Summary
As the pace of industrialization accelerates, non-renewable energy resources like fossil fuels are continuously consumed and their reserves are gradually reduced. H2 mainly comes from the steam methane reforming of natural gas, which converts methane and water steam into carbon monoxide and hydrogen This process has low energy efficiency, high cost, and produces carbon-containing residues that affect the purity of hydrogen and pollute the environment [3]. The development of catalysts with low cost, large reserves, good stability, and high catalytic activity has become a key step in the industrial production of H2 from water electrolysis. As a result, those inexpensive and readily available transition metal (Mo, Fe, Co, and Ni)-based electrocatalysts have been massively developed [8,9,10,11]. Ni-based catalysts, we expect to provide some perspective on the future research of high-performance doped catalysts
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