Abstract
The implantability and durability have been for decades the focus of artificial heart R&D. A mini axial and a maglev radial pump have been developed to meet with such requirements.The mini axial pump weighing 27g (incl.5g rotor) has an outer diameter of 21mm and a length of 10mm in its largest point, but can produce a maximal blood flow of 6l/min with 50mmHg pressure increase. Therefore, it is suitable for the patients of 40-60kg body weight. For other patients of 60-80kg or 80-100kg body weight, the mini axial pumps of 23mm and 25mm outer diameter had been developed before, these devices were acknowledged to be the world smallest LVADs by Guinness World Record Center in 2004.The permanent maglev radial pump weighing 150g is a shaft-less centrifugal pump with permanent magnetic bearings developed by the author. It needs no second coil for suspension of the rotor except the motor coil, different from all other maglev pumps developed in USA, Japan, European, etc. Thus no detecting and controlling systems as well as no additional power supply for maglev are necessary. The pump can produce a blood flow up to as large as 10l/min against 100mmHg pressure.An implantable and durable blood pump will be a viable alternative to natural donor heart for transplantation.
Highlights
The R&D of artificial heart has just 50-year history
A 240g impeller pump was used in goat in 1984 (Fig. 1, left), this was the first freely walking artificial heart experimental animal in the history [2]
The survival was lasted to over 2 moths in 1994 during the author’s stay in Taiwan University (Fig. 1, right) and the weight of the device was reduced to 110g
Summary
The R&D of artificial heart has just 50-year history. In the first 25 years from first animal experiment in 1957 to the first human trial in 1982, the work was done to show the feasibility of a man-made mechanical pump, mainly the diaphragm pump, in supporting or replacing the heart function partly or totally. A 240g impeller pump was used in goat in 1984 (Fig. 1, left), this was the first freely walking artificial heart experimental animal in the history [2]. Thereafter, many rotary pumps were developed worldwide and a Jarvik 2000 axial pump has worked in a patient for about 7 years [3]. A mini axial pump with 21mm OD and 27g weight has been developed and acknowledged as the world-smallest left ventricular assist device (LVAD) by Guinness World Records Center(Claim ID: 86348, Membership Number: 80362). This paper presents briefly the principle and structure of a mini axial and a maglev radial pump developed by the author in the recent years and calls for cooperation in further R&D of these devices
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