Abstract
This article proposes a microwave sensing and imaging method for multiphase flow monitoring and metering in oil and gas pipes. The ultrawideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique is used to create a high-resolution image of the pipe cross section. The image is, then, used to estimate each phase volume by extracting the edge of each phase. Additionally, the generalized impulsization technique is presented and applied to reconstruct a sharp-image, and decrease the error in flow rate estimation. Furthermore, a novel technique to enhance the detectability of weak targets in the images is proposed. Finally, a novel sectional image reconstruction technique is also applied to improve the imaging and metering of the stratified flows. All the proposed techniques are evaluated through experiments. This study demonstrates the ability to accurately estimate the crude oil flow rate with a maximum error of 3.8 ${\%}$ . These results show that UWB SAR is capable of providing a reliable and noninvasive solution for multiphase flow metering.
Highlights
R EAL-TIME, accurate, and nondestructive flow monitoring and measuring of multiphase flows are widely needed in many industries, such as food, aerospace, geothermal, and oil and gas industries [1]–[3]
A basic schematic of circular SAR (CSAR) has been shown in Fig. 1(b), where N apertures are used for collecting data
It is considerably important that εr, which is the dielectric constant of the crude oil, is reported approximately constant in frequency span (1–7) GHz [34] and the crude oil can be considered as a nondispersive medium for the UWB propagation
Summary
R EAL-TIME, accurate, and nondestructive flow monitoring and measuring of multiphase flows are widely needed in many industries, such as food, aerospace, geothermal, and oil and gas industries [1]–[3]. The most popular available techniques for MFM can be categorized into seven classes based on their technology: conventional method or separation [5], impedance techniques [6]–[9], radio frequency (RF) sensor [10], resonant cavity sensors [11], [12], gamma-ray [13], x-ray [14], and Coriolis-microwave flow meter [15]. A noninvasive MSI method based on UWB SAR imaging is presented for MFM in crude oil pipelines. UWB SAR imaging provides a high-resolution and low-cost solution for the imaging of different phases in a multiphase flow. SABZEVARI et al.: MICROWAVE SENSING AND IMAGING METHOD FOR MULTIPHASE FLOW METERING OF CRUDE OIL PIPES.
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