Abstract
The automotive industry is increasing its effort towards scientific and technological innovations regarding autonomous vehicles. The expectation is a reduction of road accidents, which are too often caused by human errors. Moreover, technological solutions, such as connected autonomous vehicle platoons, are expected to help humans in emergency situations. In this context, safety and security issues do not yet have a satisfactory answer. In this paper, we address the domain of secure communication among vehicles – especially the issues related to authentication and authorization of inter-vehicular signals and services carrying safety commands. We propose a novel design methodology, where we take a contract-based approach for specifying safety, and combine it in the design flow with the use of the Arrowhead Framework to support security. Furthermore, we present the results through a demo, which employs model-based design for software implementation and the physical realization on autonomous model cars.
Highlights
The trend towards the adoption of autonomous vehicles has been tremendously increasing in the last few years, with the expectation of a significant reduction of road accidents, increased fuel economy and an overall higher traffic throughput [1]–[3]
The main novelty and contribution of our work is to provide a methodology that starting from natural language requirements reaches the prototyping stage of a platooning autonomous vehicle system, with an additional focus on safety and security requirements
The results show that the time needed for the signal to be transmitted from one vehicle to another is lower than 40 ms, if the best approach is used
Summary
The trend towards the adoption of autonomous vehicles has been tremendously increasing in the last few years, with the expectation of a significant reduction of road accidents, increased fuel economy and an overall higher traffic throughput [1]–[3]. The heterogeneous nature of the problem, and its fast evolution, demand a standardized infrastructure and a design methodology by which designers can unambiguously formulate the requirements and the properties of the system, to deliver functional as well as non-functional safety guarantees [10] This is essential to drive the adoption of the technology, and lower the risk perceived by the user. We integrate contracts with well known standards, such as SysML, to facilitate their adoption in traditional design flows, and with three dimensional animated scenarios, to offer a better understating of the cyber-physical system being analyzed We combine this technique with a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) based on the Arrowhead Framework [14] to manage all V2V communication activities, VOLUME 7, 2019 ensuring security.
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