A methodology for pre-selecting sustainable development indicators (SDIs) with application to surface mining operations

Abstract

The creation of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), commonly known as the Brundtland Commission, and the publication in 1987 of its report, “Our Common Future” marked a turning point towards finding the balance among society, economy, and environment. Since then, governments have improved existing regulations or created others, organizations for standardizations have developed new standards, management and process practices have addressed potential gaps, public and private organizations have taken initiative through the creation of committees and programs and research covering all areas of sustainable development has become a priority for academics and practitioners. These different sources serve as the basis for a pre-selection process of sustainable development indicators (SDIs). While some sources do not specifically address certain industries, the pre-selection process suggested in this manuscript studies and analyzes each SDI’s resource and the possible applicability of already-identified indicators. An assertive set of SDIs is not solely based on regulatory systems, as measuring sustainability cannot become a bureaucratic process, and neither can any other SDI’s source single-handedly determine or mandate the final set of indicators, as the real objective is to assist decision-makers and effectively engage stakeholders. This paper presents an analysis of six different sources for pre-selecting SDIs, accompanied by a methodology to then finalize with a set of SDIs for the surface mining operations in oil sands projects. Surface mining projects are complex operations with several social, economic, environmental, and health impacts. As the government and oil sands developers are turning towards increasing Environmental Impact II 519 www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541 (on-line) WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, Vol 181, © 2014 WIT Press doi:10.2495/EID140441 productivity with a more conscious sustainable development approach, a preselection of SDIs is required to assist further formal multi-criteria selection processes.