Abstract
Modernization of waste processing through Waste-to-Energy has been a new trend to solve waste management and energy scarcity. This model however it may raise a conflict with recycling activities. This article establishes a methodological approach to assess Non-Recycled Waste for Refuse Derived Fuels materials. The approach is simulated by using calorific value of waste from Semarang Landfill which has calorific value 5,500 to 6,070 kcal/kg and waste composition of Banjarmasin Landfill which has been classified according to recycling perspective. The simulation shows that a low recycling rate (25% plastic and paper taken for recycling) will produce 3,882 kcal/Kg while a high recycling rate (50%) will produce 3,793 kcal/Kg. This simulation successfully calculates that non-recycled waste materials are still potential for RDFs materials.
Highlights
Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technology has been a new trend in modernizing waste processing because it can solve waste and energy scarcity problems [1]
Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF) is a solid fuels product of WtE that can be used based on the type of application for substituting or complementing fuels in several industrial sectors [5]
Prioritization of material than energy recovery is recommended for waste management by several policies and other research [18,19]
Summary
Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technology has been a new trend in modernizing waste processing because it can solve waste and energy scarcity problems [1]. WtE is an energy recovery process of waste through direct thermal conversion (incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification), or through fuel production in the form of methane, hydrogen, and other synthetic fuels [2]. Energy from waste as renewable energy can substitute the use of and the stock of fossil energy that has been depleting. Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF) is a solid fuels product of WtE that can be used based on the type of application for substituting or complementing fuels in several industrial sectors [5]. The use of RDF in cement industry due to its scale, can reduce fossil fuels consumption and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. RDF production, raise a conflict with recycling activity because of material recycling and energy recovery trade-off.
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