Abstract
A natural fiber reinforced composite, belonging to the class of eco composites, based on ethylene-propylene-terpolymer rubber (EPDM) and wood wastes were obtained by electron beam irradiation at 75, 150, 300, and 600 kGy in atmospheric conditions and at room temperature using a linear accelerator of 5.5 MeV. The sawdust (S), in amounts of 5 and 15 phr, respectively, was used to act as a natural filler for the improvement of physical and chemical characteristics. The cross-linking effects were evaluated through sol-gel analysis, mechanical tests, and Fourier Transform Infrared FTIR spectroscopy comparatively with the classic method with dibenzoyl peroxide (P) applied on the same types of samples at high temperature. Gel fraction exhibits values over 98% but, in the case of P cross-linking, is necessary to add more sawdust (15 phr) to obtain the same results as in the case of electron beam (EB) cross-linking (5 phr/300 kGy). Even if the EB cross-linking and sawdust addition have a reinforcement effect on EPDM rubber, the medium irradiation dose of 300 kGy looks to be a limit to which or from which the properties of the composite are improved or deteriorated. The absorption behavior of the eco-composites was studied through water uptake tests.
Highlights
Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber is a versatile polymer containing low compound costs
The goal of the paper is to comparatively present the cross-linking effects induced by two different methods of cure, electron beam irradiation, and dibenzoyl peroxide in order to obtain a polymeric eco-composite based on EPDM rubber and wood sawdust
Two classes of eco-composites based on ethylene-propylene-terpolymer rubber (EPDM) and wood sawdust (S) were obtained by two different methods: dibenzoyl peroxide cross-linking (P) at a high
Summary
Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber is a versatile polymer containing low compound costs. Its very good physical and chemical properties make it extremely suitable for obtaining automotive parts, sports goods, packaging materials, etc. Many curing systems have been developed: sulfur, peroxides, metal oxides, phenolic resins, quinines. The first two were the most used for cross-linking of rubber materials until recently [3]. Even if the sulfur vulcanization has been known and applied for over 150 years, the complex chemistry of sulfur vulcanization is still not clearly understood. Both free radical and ionic mechanisms are considered as chemical pathways [3,4,5]
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