Abstract
We propose a standard method of establishing the absolute neutron output from small, D-T, 14 MeV neutron generators. This method uses a copper activation measurement in a configuration that we have calibrated with fission ionization chambers from NIST. The absolute uncertainty in this calibration is less than ± 7%. The copper activation method is insensitive to backgrounds from low energy scattered neutrons because it uses the 63Cu(n, 2n) 62Cu reaction which has a 12 MeV threshold. With this calibration method, measurements of absolute neutron output are possible under a variety of experimental conditions, including those simulating nuclear well logging. In addition, the configuration of the copper samples that we propose gives high counting rates so that the statistical precision of the measurement of neutron output, depending upon the generator voltage and beam current, is on the order of 1%.
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