Abstract
Measurement uncertainty plays a very important role ensuring validity of decision-making procedures, since it is the main source of incorrect decisions in conformity assessment. The guidelines given by the actual Standards allow one to take a decision of conformity or non-conformity, according to the given limit and measurement uncertainty associated to the measured value. Due to measurement uncertainty, a risk of a wrong decision is always present, and the Standards also give indications on how to evaluate this risk, although they mostly refer to a normal probability density function to represent the distribution of values that can be reasonably attributed to the measurand. Since such a function is not always the one that best represents this distribution of values, this paper considers some of the most-often used probability density functions and derives simple formulas to set the acceptance (or rejection) limits in such a way that a pre-defined maximum admissible risk is not exceeded.
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