Abstract

Methods are described for measuring the secondary emission ratio (δ) of an insulator together with the energy distribution of the emitted electrons. The secondary emission ratio is obtained by means of a type of electron beam voltmeter which is used to measure the potential of the bombarded surface thus allowing the rate of change of charge to be determined. The results show good agreement with those obtained by another method and also check with d.c. measurements on metal surfaces. The energy distribution of the secondary electrons from an insulator surface is measured using the electron beam voltmeter and also by a method employing cathode potential stabilization. As the electron beam voltmeter method for measuring δ depends on the ratio of two time measurements it should be capable of greater accuracy than methods which involve the measurement of output pulses from an amplifier.

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