Abstract
Microalgae are an immense group of unicellular prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms that are mainly autotrophic (Tartar et al. 2003; Ueno et al. 2003). Capability of microalgae as simple growth requirements and photoautotrophic and capacity to modulate their metabolism, make them attractive for demand by the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic or biodiesel industries. Microalgae can be used as a feed for fish larvae in aquaculture and asanimal fodder, due to their rich content of fatty acids, protein, antioxidant pigments and polysaccharides (Yaakob et al. 2014). Microalgae produce a wide variety of bioactive products with potential commercial values such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiplasmodial, enzyme-inhibiting, immunostimulant, and cytotoxic activities (Ghasemi et al. 2004). Even though the microalgae has high potential and comprise more and more bioactive substances, only β-carotene and astaxanthin have been produced at an industrial scale (Dominguez et al. 2005). This paper explains the methods involving extraction, purification, characterization, and application of bioactive compounds from phytoplankton.
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