Abstract

Abstract This paper presents a method to forecast emissions to air from the offshore production of oil and gas. The method enables oil companies quickly to establish reliable forecasts of for instance CO2 and NOX emissions from offshore oil and gas fields that uses fossil fuels for power generation. The method can also be used to forecast emissions on aggregated levels. The background for developing the method is addressed, the algorithms used and the input data required are described and test results are presented. The method links the emissions to forecasts of oil and gas production and transport, gas and water injection, gas lift and drilling of exploitation wells. In addition, the efficiency in power generation and distribution, the type and LHV of fuel, emission factors for CO2 and NOX and effects of exhaust gas cleaning systems are incorporated in the algorithms. The method is suitable for estimation of annual emissions over the lifetime of the field in connection with field development planning, governmental reporting as well as for simulation of effects on emissions by altering production strategies and plans. Norsk Hydro has used the method for preparation of the company's annual report of lifetime emission forecasts to the Norwegian Authorities. Norsk Hydro's experience from utilization of the method, including system testing and preparation of prognoses will be presented.

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