A Method for Determining the Required Power Capacity of an On-Shore Power System Considering Uncertainties of Arriving Ships

Yun Peng,Wenyuan Wang,Xiangda Li,Xiangqun Song,Xiao Bing,Ke Liu

doi:10.3390/su10124524

Abstract

The contribution of this paper is to provide a method for determining the required power capacity of an on-shore power system (OPS) considering the stochastic nature of arriving ships. In order to cope with such complicated and stochastic operation processes in container terminals, simulation models are established with arrival intervals of ships ranging from 1 to 100 h as inputs. Firstly, the mobile pattern of OPS adopted in the container terminal is introduced. Then, patterns of arriving ships are analyzed to explain why a simulation method is necessary. Next, a series of simulation experiments based on a container terminal in China are constructed and carried out. Finally, the required power capacity of an OPS under different arrival intervals is given when considering all berthed ships using an OPS. Besides, with the consideration of reducing environmental impact of ships at different levels, the required power capacity is provided with different proportions of arriving ships using an OPS. The results obtained, and the proposed method can be used to provide references for government policy making and green container terminal construction.

Highlights

The consequent emissions of air pollutants and noise from ships at berth is one of the important components of total pollution in ports [1], since the electricity demand of ships at berth is satisfied by auxiliary diesel engines
One rule for using shore power by ships is introduced based on the mobile pattern of an on-shore power system (OPS) as shown in Figure 2, that is, shore transformers are fixed on the quayside at each berth, while the frequency converter is mobile along the quayside and can service all the berthed ships
The method for determining the required power capacity of an OPS was illustrated by taking a container terminal in China as a simulation case and taking a full calendar year as an example study

Summary

Introduction

The consequent emissions of air pollutants and noise from ships at berth is one of the important components of total pollution in ports [1], since the electricity demand of ships at berth is satisfied by auxiliary diesel engines. An on-shore power system (OPS), known as “cold ironing”, is one of the emission mitigation strategies by supplying electricity power from shore rather than the auxiliary engines, which can reduce the pollutant and noise emissions produced by ships during their mooring at berth [5]. Regardless of shore-connected electricity standardization, a major issue that still influences terminal operators to carry out OPS technology in ports is how to decide the required power capacity of an OPS to meet electricity demand of all arriving ships. It is imperative to provide a method for determining the required power capacity of an OPS under the stochastic arrival of ships to meet electricity demand of all ships in ports, which is the problem we aim to solve in this paper

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Results

Conclusion