Abstract

In order to reference the speed and direction of ocean currents, currentmeters are fitted with a magnetic compass. The manufacturers of currentmeters provide users so-called autocalibration procedures and software to allow for the verification of the good working order and rectification of the bias of compass magnetic field sensors. Nevertheless, these tests do not make it possible to correct all the errors that can alter field measurements and particularly the nonlinear effects. In order to calculate corrections and estimate the accuracy of the ‘autocalibration’ procedure, an absolute calibration method has been devised, based on the GPS positioning of two geodetic reference points and on the measurement of angles and distances between one of these points and the instrument being tested. The standard uncertainty of this method has been assessed as 0.64°. It is below the compass accuracy and makes it possible to underscore the bias resulting from the ‘autocalibration’ operations and to evaluate corrections. This method, which can be extended to other equipment, is a solution for absolute compass calibrations.

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