A Method and System for Combining the Advantages of Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) Engine Technologies into Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)

Hyun Woo Won

doi:10.3390/app11219934

Abstract

By combining a clean fuel such as gasoline with a high efficiency thermodynamic cycle (compression ignition), it is possible to demonstrate a powertrain that is clean and efficient, thus breaking the historical trade-off between decreasing CO2 and reducing criteria pollutants. The gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engine is a promising technology that can be used to improve thermal efficiency while reducing emissions. Its low temperature combustion does however lead to several problems that need to be overcome. The present study relates to a method and system for combining the advantages of GCI engine technology into a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) to maximize the benefits. A plausible path is to operate the GCI engine at conditions where the benefits of a GCI engine could be maximized and where an electric motor can supplement the conditions where the GCI is less beneficial. In this study, GCI engines with different cetane number (CN) fuels were selected, and a hybrid simulation tool was used to address the potential of the GCI engines into hybrid electric vehicles. Co-developments can demonstrate efficiency and emission solutions through the achievements of the study, which will address examples of the competitive powertrain and will introduce more than 30% of CO2 reduction vehicle by 2030.

Highlights

cetane number (CN) fuels are only processed in crude atmospheric distillation towers and undergo light hydro-desulfurization, which is in contrast to commercial diesel, which is derived from various deep conversion process units including hydrocracking, a highly energy-intensive and costly process dedicated to converting heavier streams from vacuum distillation into blending stock for the diesel and jet fuel pools
Fuels that are more resistant to auto-ignition allow mixing time before combustion occurs and help to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) and smoke in compression ignition ignition (CI) engines
The vehicle with CN35 addressed the vehicle test tail-pipe results, concluding that running a CI engine with CN35 fuel can fulfill the Euro 6d standard, especially when it is equipped with an achieved this configuration without system (ATS), i.e., a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), an selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, and a diesel particulate filter (DPF), providing the possibility of further CO2 benefits [20,21]

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Energy and mobility help connect people to opportunities, enabling economic growth worldwide and lifting living standards of societies globally. Transport is an integral part of modern society and accounts for around 20% of all of the energy that is used. It is imperative to note that transport is responsible for about a quarter of total GHGs that are emitted, with the road sector accounting for 70% of total transport emissions alone [1]

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