Abstract
Objective To study the association between sleep duration and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of T2DM through a meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SINOMED were searched from their inception until May 2020. All cohort studies on the relationship between sleep duration and T2DM in adults were included. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two authors independently assessed the literature and extracted the data. Metaregression and publication bias were evaluated, and sensitivity and meta-analyses were conducted with RevMan 5.3. Results A total of 17 studies were collected, involving 737002 adults. The incidence of T2DM was 4.73% in short sleep duration (SSD) (t ≤ 6 h), 4.39% in normal sleep duration (NSD) (6 h < t < 9 h), and 4.99% in long sleep duration (LSD) (t ≥ 9 h). The meta-analysis demonstrated that SSD increased the risk of T2DM compared with NSD (RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.15-1.29, P < 0.001), LSD increased the risk of T2DM compared with NSD (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.15-1.39, P < 0.001), and the risk of T2DM has no significant difference between SSD and LSD (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89-1.05, P = 0.41). The sensitivity of each study was robust and the publication bias was weak. Conclusion SSD or LSD can increase the risk of T2DM.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic disease in recent years
The results indicated that the sensitivity of the association between long sleep duration (LSD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was robust after each study was excluded one by one
While we found that the study location may have been responsible for this heterogeneity in the meta-analysis of the relationship between LSD and T2DM, other factors, such as age, cannot be fully extracted from the text
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic disease in recent years. According to the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas Ninth Edition published in 2019, it is estimated that 463 million adults (aged between 20 and 79 years) have DM worldwide, and the prevalence has reached 9.3%. This number is expected to reach 578 million (10.2%) by 2030 and 700 million (10.9%) by 2045 [1]. With the aging of the population and the change of lifestyle in China, DM has become an epidemic. China has 116.4 million people with DM nowadays. In 2019, 0.83 million patients died of DM and complications in China [1]
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