Abstract
This study examines a possible dark side of emotional intelligence (EI). Specifically, a meta-analytic investigation of 5,687 participants was conducted to examine the relationship between EI and emotional manipulation. The findings revealed that self-reported ability-based EI was positively correlated to non-prosocial emotional manipulation (as measured by the Emotional Manipulation Scale), with a 0.10 effect size. Whereas, a negative relationship emerged between self-reported trait EI and non-prosocial emotional manipulation (as measured by the Worsen factor of the Managing Emotions of Others Scale [MEOS]), with a −0.16 effect size. Moreover, self-reported trait-based EI was positively correlated with prosocial emotional manipulation (as measured by the Enhance and Divert factors of the MEOS), with effect sizes of 0.40 and 0.34, respectively. Furthermore, gender had a moderating effect on the relationship between self-reported ability-based EI and non-prosocial emotional manipulation; this relationship was stronger among males than females. We discuss the implications of these findings across academic and practice settings.
Highlights
Salovey and Mayer (1990) were the first to define the modern concept of emotional intelligence (EI) as the ability to perceive and understand one’s own and others’ emotions, and to use this information to guide decision-making
The findings revealed that selfreported ability-based EI was positively correlated to nonprosocial emotional manipulation
Self-reported trait-based EI was positively correlated with prosocial emotional manipulation
Summary
Salovey and Mayer (1990) were the first to define the modern concept of emotional intelligence (EI) as the ability to perceive and understand one’s own and others’ emotions, and to use this information to guide decision-making. Among the three most noticeable streams of EI, namely, ability-based, trait-based, and mixed model of EI, abilitybased EI has gained preference among researchers. It served as a basis for numerous studies, as it differentiates from the Big Five personality traits and cognitive intelligence (Joseph et al, 2015; Kluemper et al, 2013; van der Linden et al, 2017). Different measures have been developed corresponding to each stream of EI, but these are primarily performancebased ability EI assessments (e.g., Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence test), self-reported ability-based EI.
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