Abstract
Background Parvovirus B19 (B19 V) infection had been reported to be more frequent with serious clinical outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) than in the general population. There is a wide variation in data among the existing literature regarding the seroprevalence of B19 V in patients with SCD. These data require further summary and analyses for better accuracy. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done to estimate the seroprevalence of B19 V in patients with SCD. Methods This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey were used for the systematic search. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) using OpenMeta Analyst software. Publication bias was estimated based on Begg's test, Egger's test, and examination of the funnel plot. Subgroup analyses and metaregression were used to explore the moderators of heterogeneity between studies. Results A total of 18 studies including 2890 patients were analyzed. The overall IgG seroprevalence of B19 V infection among patients with SCD was found to be 48.8% (95% CI 39.5%–58.0%). Evidence of publication bias was not detected. Evidence of acute viral infection detected by positive IgM antibodies among the screened SCD patients was found in 8.30% (95% CI 5.20%–11.4%) of them. There was a statistically significant association between seroprevalence of B19 V and geographical areas. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of B19 V in patients with SCD. Healthcare providers need to be aware of the magnitude of B19 V infection in patients with SCD to ensure effective management. This review could provide a comprehensive view of B19 V prevalence in this susceptible population.
Highlights
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic hematological disorder characterized by the presence of a hemoglobin tetramer composed of mutated beta S-globin chains [1,2,3,4]
Diagnostic tests used for confirmation of B19 V include serum specific IgG antibodies testing which is used to confirm an exposure to B19 V infection, serum IgM antibodies testing which is recommended to diagnose acute viral infection and remain detectable several months after infection, and other diagnostic
Full texts of these 50 studies were screened, and 32 studies of which were subsequently omitted because of low quality or lack of data to estimate the outcomes of interest. ese excluded studies were 14 review articles [1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11,12,13, 18, 24,25,26,27,28], ten studies had small number of patients with SCD [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38], a study included patients with several types of chronic hemolytic anemia [39], four studies done among patients with transient aplastic crisis (TAC) [40,41,42,43], a study analyzed all the acute admissions of patients with SCD to a district general hospital [44], a study included all patients attending some hospitals [45], and a study done among healthy blood donors [46]
Summary
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic hematological disorder characterized by the presence of a hemoglobin tetramer composed of mutated beta S-globin chains [1,2,3,4]. Parvovirus B19 (B19 V) infection had been reported to be more frequent with serious clinical outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) than in the general population. Ere is a wide variation in data among the existing literature regarding the seroprevalence of B19 V in patients with SCD. Is systematic review and meta-analysis was done to estimate the seroprevalence of B19 V in patients with SCD. Is study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. E overall IgG seroprevalence of B19 V infection among patients with SCD was found to be 48.8% (95% CI 39.5%–58.0%). Evidence of acute viral infection detected by positive IgM antibodies among the screened SCD patients was found in 8.30% (95% CI 5.20%–11.4%) of them. Healthcare providers need to be aware of the magnitude of B19 V infection in patients with SCD to ensure effective management. is review could provide a comprehensive view of B19 V prevalence in this susceptible population
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