A meta-analysis of the impact of pharmacist interventions on clinical outcomes in patients with type-2 diabetes

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of pharmacist interventions in type-2 diabetes patients by collecting and evaluating literature. MethodsA systematic search was conducted across six databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, from January 2001 to January 2023. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the clinical outcomes of pharmacist interventions on type-2 diabetes patients were searched, and data were extracted and analysed by RevMan version 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 35 studies involving 4827 patients were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that pharmacist interventions had an influence on improving patients’ HbA1c (MD=−0.70), LDL-C (MD=−5.51), SBP (MD=−4.58), DBP (MD=−1.90], BMI (MD=−0.47) and FBG (MD=−19.82), but there was no evidence from the study that pharmacist interventions could significantly improve HDL-C (MD=−0.61), TC (MD=−5.12) or TG (MD=−3.14). In addition, medication adherence was significantly improved. ConclusionPharmacist interventions significantly improved HbA1c, BP, and LDL-C control levels, BMI, and medication adherence in type-2 diabetes patients, but there was no evidence from this study that pharmacist interventions significantly improved HDL-C, TC, or TG. Practice implicationsEffective pharmacist interventions are important to improve type-2 diabetes patients’ clinical outcomes.