Abstract
Background The safety and effectiveness of robotic surgery are evaluated by comparing perioperative outcomes with laparoscopy and laparotomy in endometrial cancer. Method PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and other databases were searched for eligible studies up to April 2019. Studies that compared robotic surgery with laparoscopy or laparotomy in surgical staging of endometrial cancer were included. The pooled odds ratio and weighted mean difference were calculated using a random-effects or a fixed-effects model to summarize the results. Results Twenty-seven articles were ultimately included, with one randomized controlled trial and 26 observational studies. A total of 6568 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that robotic surgery had less estimated blood loss (P < 0.001), blood transfusion (P = 0.04), intraoperative complications (P = 0.001), and conversion to open surgery (P = 0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P = 0.001), but had a longer operation time (P = 0.04) in surgical staging of endometrial cancer compared with laparoscopy. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications, the total number of lymph nodes harvested, the number of pelvic lymph nodes harvested, and the number of para-aortic lymph nodes harvested between techniques. Robotic surgery had a longer operation time (P = 0.008), less estimated blood loss (P < 0.001), blood transfusion (P < 0.001), and postoperative complications (P < 0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P < 0.001) compared with laparotomy. There were no significant differences in other variables between techniques. Conclusion Robotic surgery is a safer surgical approach than laparoscopy and laparotomy in surgical staging of endometrial cancer, with less estimated blood loss, blood transfusion, and conversion, and the same number of lymph nodes harvested.
Highlights
Endometrial cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women worldwide
The search terms used a combination of Disease Markers keywords and MeSH terms as follows: “endometrial carcinoma,” “endometrial cancer,” “uterine cancer,” “robotic,” “laparoscopic,” “laparoscopy,” and “laparotomy.” Additional relevant references were searched for references of eligible articles
There appeared to be a greater number of pelvic lymph nodes harvested (PLNH) in the robotic surgery (RS) group than in the laparoscopic surgery (LPS) group, but this difference was not significant (WMD, 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), -2.85 to 4.29; P = 0:69; Figure S6)
Summary
The safety and effectiveness of robotic surgery are evaluated by comparing perioperative outcomes with laparoscopy and laparotomy in endometrial cancer. Studies that compared robotic surgery with laparoscopy or laparotomy in surgical staging of endometrial cancer were included. Meta-analysis showed that robotic surgery had less estimated blood loss (P < 0:001), blood transfusion (P = 0:04), intraoperative complications (P = 0:001), and conversion to open surgery (P = 0:001), and a shorter hospital stay (P = 0:001), but had a longer operation time (P = 0:04) in surgical staging of endometrial cancer compared with laparoscopy. Robotic surgery had a longer operation time (P = 0:008), less estimated blood loss (P < 0:001), blood transfusion (P < 0:001), and postoperative complications (P < 0:001), and a shorter hospital stay (P < 0:001) compared with laparotomy. Robotic surgery is a safer surgical approach than laparoscopy and laparotomy in surgical staging of endometrial cancer, with less estimated blood loss, blood transfusion, and conversion, and the same number of lymph nodes harvested
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