A META-ANALYSIS OF MUSIC THERAPY AND SLEEP QUALITY: TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS

Abstract

Abstract Music therapy (MT) has been an established healthcare profession in the United States for over seven decades. MT interventions are non-pharmacological approaches, administered by board-certified music therapists, designed to promote physical, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual well-being. One aspect of health where MT may be of use to older adults is in improving poor sleep quality, which is associated with increased risk for morbidity and mortality. Many pharmacological treatments for insomnia and other conditions carry adverse effects. Investigating the impact of evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., MT) on sleep could be beneficial, particularly among older adults who are at greater risk for polypharmacy-related challenges. The purpose of this study was to investigate the average effect of MT on sleep quality via a meta-analysis across 46 studies (N=2912). This study included a review of the effects of MT on sleep, the characteristics of strongest and weakest MT interventions, the role age plays on the efficacy of MT, and differences in effects between adults with and without dementia. Results revealed robust improvements in sleep quality, as a function of MT. These improvements were observed among teams that included a professional music therapist. Clinical and practical implications will be discussed, particularly as they apply to older adults and interprofessional practice.