A Meta-Analysis of Anxiety Symptoms and Related Factors in Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Objective: To explore the distribution of anxiety symptoms and related factors among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to provide references for mental health education and management strategies tailored to Chinese college students amidst the pandemic. Methods: Both Chinese and English databases were searched to collect studies on factors related to anxiety symptoms in Chinese college students, along with surveys conducted between January 1st, 2020, and February 1st, 2023. Following the AHRQ cross-sectional study quality evaluation standards, a quality assessment of the included research data was conducted. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12. Results: A total of 1,057 references were searched, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies collectively surveyed 189,005 individuals, among whom 57,456 individuals were found to exhibit anxiety symptoms. The anxiety detection rate was calculated at 25.6% (95% CI: 20.5–30.6%), significantly higher than the anxiety risk detection rate among the general Chinese population (15.8%). Gender, the impact of the pandemic on personal life, and awareness of COVID-19 were identified as factors influencing the detection rate of anxiety among college students. Conclusions: The anxiety levels among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic were notably severe. Consequently, university personnel should prioritize the mental well-being of these students and implement timely psychological interventions.