Abstract
Background: Multiple studies have investigated the correlations of mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions with CAC scores. This analysis overviews the prognostic capability of CAC scoring in mortality, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Online search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to 22 November 2021 to identify studies involving CAC scores in relation to ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and death rates. Results: A total of eight studies were analyzed. In the absence of CAC group compared with the presence of CAC score, there was an increase in mortality in the presence of CAC (RR 2.24, 95% CI, 1.41–3.56; p < 0.001). In the low CAC group and high CAC group, high CAC group had increase in mortality (RR 2.74; 95% CI, 1.94–3.86; p < 0.00001). There was no statistical difference in outcomes of mechanical ventilation and ICU admission between any of the groups. Conclusion: This meta-analysis strictly examined the outcomes of interest in death, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission while comparing the CAC scores in patients with COVID-19. Given these findings, CAC scoring can aid in stratifying patients, thus allowing earlier interventions in rapidly developing illnesses.
Highlights
The association between coronary artery calcification (CAC) and atherosclerotic disease is well known
The direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 including arrhythmia, acute myocardial injury, Takotsubo syndrome, myocarditis, and delayed presentation of cardiovascular complications have been investigated [2]; at the time of this analysis, there has not been a systematic review and meta-analysis that assessed the prognostic capability of CAC in this patient population
The risk of being admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 appears to be multifactorial in nature but independent of CAC scoring
Summary
Kevin Kyungmin Lee 1,* , Osman Rahimi 1 , Charlie Kyungchan Lee 2, Amaan Shafi 3 and Dalia Hawwass 3. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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