A mathematical model to see the effects of increasing environmental temperature on plant–pollinator interactions

Abstract

This paper deals with two well-known problems of ecology and environmental science, global warming and the threat to plant pollination, and their interrelationship. In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed and analysed to study the dynamics of plant–pollinator interactions under the adverse effects of increasing environmental temperature due to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the environment. The aim of this paper is also to provide some insights into the problem of global warming and to provide some solutions to the same. Analysis for existence, local stability, and global stability of the interior equilibrium point and uniform persistence of solutions of the system are carried out followed by numerical simulations. Results show that the huge emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, not only reduces plant–pollinator interactions but it may also cause the extinction of the population of pollinators and plants. Results also suggest the immediate reduction of those types of greenhouse gases which cause warming of the environment with higher intensity. Our analysis points out the need for more researches to find out some techniques so that the cooling rate of the environment can be increased.