A mathematical model studying the survival of forest resource–dependent wildlife population in the presence of population pressure–induced mining activities

Abstract

AbstractKeeping human–wildlife conflicts in mind, that are taking place as a result of shrinking forest area due to overgrowing human population and consequently, due to augmentation of mining projects in the forest region, here, a nonlinear mathematical model is developed. The model is formulated under the assumption that continuously growing human population and its increasing demands impose population pressure on the environment, which results into augmentation of mining activities in the forest region. The model is analyzed qualitatively for boundedness, existence, and stability of equilibrium points, along with permanence of the model system. Quantitative analysis is also being performed by evaluating the numerical solutions of the model and analyzing them through graphical illustrations. The model analysis demonstrates that in order to have permanent model system, the growth of forest resources should be large as compared to their utilization for wildlife and human population.Summary for Managers It is important to understand that human–wildlife conflict is one of the serious implications of the impact generated through population pressure–induced mining activities on forest resources and wildlife population. With the continuous depletion of forest resources, due to growth of mining activities in the region, the extinction of forest resources could take place and the survival of forest resource–dependent wildlife population comes under risk. Therefore, forests, which are natural habitats for wildlife species, should be protected. Control measures on rampant mining activities through government intervention are required in order to protect forest resources from being unsustainably overharvested. Proper planning of mining activities in a forest region should be implemented in order to develop balanced forest ecosystem, where the human and wildlife population can live in perfect harmony.