Abstract
Abstract. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate climate change effects that have been occurred at the beginning of the twenty-first century at the Konya Closed Basin (KCB) located in the semi-arid central Anatolian region of Turkey and particularly in Salt Lake region where many major wetlands located in and situated in KCB and to share the analysis results online in a Web Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. 71 Landsat 5-TM, 7-ETM+ and 8-OLI images and meteorological data obtained from 10 meteorological stations have been used at the scope of this work. 56 of Landsat images have been used for extraction of Salt Lake surface area through multi-temporal Landsat imagery collected from 2000 to 2014 in Salt lake basin. 15 of Landsat images have been used to make thematic maps of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in KCB, and 10 meteorological stations data has been used to generate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), which was used in drought studies. For the purpose of visualizing and sharing the results, a Web GIS-like environment has been established by using Google Maps and its useful data storage and manipulating product Fusion Tables which are all Google’s free of charge Web service elements. The infrastructure of web application includes HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, Google Maps API V3 and Google Fusion Tables API technologies. These technologies make it possible to make effective “Map Mash-Ups” involving an embedded Google Map in a Web page, storing the spatial or tabular data in Fusion Tables and add this data as a map layer on embedded map. The analysing process and map mash-up application have been discussed in detail as the main sections of this paper.
Highlights
The climate system has been changed after preindustrial period
Multi-temporal and multispectral image series were acquired by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)/ETM/Operational Land Imager (OLI). 10 meteorological stations data has been used to examine meteorological drought The main goals of this study are;
Water surface change in Salt Lake was explored using a total of 56 multitemporal Landsat imagery collected on almost the same days in different months and years
Summary
The climate system has been changed after preindustrial period. Some of the changes over the lakes and their basins are mainly due to reflect changes in precipitation, evaporation and human activities where the general assumption of vital role is played by the emission of greenhouse gasses (Kantarci, 2006).Many investigations carried out in different parts of the world have noted shrinkage of lakes which are source of water to both humans and livestock. The shrinkage of lakes represents a huge threat due to increasing drought effects and anthropogenic activities These activities may comprise, but not limited to, land cover and land use change, uncontrolled use of groundwater, deforestation, rising water demands, urbanization, dam construction and irrigation (Orhan et al, 2014; Yıldırım et al, 2011; Du et al, 2001; Yan et al, 2002; Penny and Kealhofer, 2005; Legesse and Ayenew, 2006; Kiage et al, 2007). Increased evapotranspiration could further expand the impact of the increase in temperatures by leading to escalation of summer aridity, potential harms on forests and agricultural lands, detrimental effects on fruit trees and vineyards, and amplified need for irrigation Large lake such as Lake Burdur shrank, and shallow lakes such as Lake Aksehir and Lake Eber vanished in Turkey (Kantarci, 2005)
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