Abstract
In low and wide frequency vibration environments, the efficiency of vibration energy harvesters is relatively low. This paper presents a magnetic plucking frequency-up-conversion bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (PEH) that features a Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) structure for low and wide frequency vibration absorption. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli stepped beam theory, a theoretical model was derived from the Lagrange equation. The system's bandwidth and power generation capability were analyzed through frequency sweeping. This study thoroughly investigated the up-conversion working mechanism of the NES magnetically plucked PEH super-harmonic vibration. The results reveal that the system encompasses two power generation frequency bands: interwell periodic vibration and chaotic vibration. Under an excitation acceleration of 0.25 g, the interwell periodic vibration range during forward frequency sweep is from 3.30 to 4.31 Hz with an average power of 4.71 mW, and during reverse sweep, it is from 2.02 to 4.05 Hz with 2.43 mW. The coordination between NES and PEH is one of the crucial factors affecting power generation. Frequency mismatch can lead to asymmetrical displacement and alternating strong-weak voltage outputs.
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