Abstract

Abstract The effects of superphosphate plus KCl alone, and with dung or urine, on pasture and soil were compared in a lysimeter experiment investigating the fate of applied potassium on a yellow-brown pumice soil. The percentages of K applied in KCl, dung, and urine recovered in herbage and lost in drainage were 73, 80, and 51 and 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Superphosphate plus KCl plus urine showed highly significant increases of exchangeable K down the soil profile compared with superphosphate plus KCl alone. The dung treatment resulted in only minor changes in exchangeable K in the soil. The concentration of magnesium in the herbage was depressed by urine but increased by dung which also increased exchangeable Mg in the soil to a depth of 30 cm. Drainage losses of sulphur from superphosphate, dung, and urine were 41, 0, and 67% respectively, of the amounts of S added. Calcium and Mg losses in drainage were approximately equivalent to nitrate and chloride losses, and it was apparent that the presence of mobile anions, especially chloride, play a major part in the leaching of Ca and Mg from yellow-brown pumice soils.

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