Abstract
Ahstract-A new low-profile quadrifilar helical antenna (QHA) is proposed and investigated. Four spiral arms of the QHA are divided and connected to for a sleeve structure to reduce the height of the antenna. In this case, four spiral arms on the inner cylindrical sleeve are connected with the ground, while the upper ends of the four spiral arms on the outer cylindrical sleeve are short-circuited, and inner and outer spiral arms are connected in the middle. The QHA has a beam width reaches to above <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$120 ^{\circ}$</tex> and a cardioid pattern at 1.575 GHz. As a result, the QHA has a very low profile of only 22 mm. The simulation and optimization from the CST show that the center frequency of the QHA is 1.575 GHz, which is used for the satellite navigation system, with axis ratio in the operating band less than 3 dB.
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