Abstract
In this paper, a low-profile four-element monopole antenna for dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is presented. Dual-band characteristic has been achieved by loading inverted L-shaped monopoles with inverted E-shaped geometry, which generates a higher mode of resonating frequency. In the proposed MIMO configuration, the interelement isolation for both bands is more than 15 dB, which is achieved without any isolation improvement techniques. Due to the directional radiation patterns in both bands, the MIMO antenna exhibits pattern diversity. The proposed MIMO antenna has a compact size of 30 × 30 × 0.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The performance of the proposed MIMO is simulated in terms of antenna parameters as well as diversity performances such as envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.1, diversity gain (DG) > 9.5 dB, mean effective gain ratio (MEG <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> /MEG <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) ≈ 1 and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) < −10 dB in both the resonating bands. The isolation level is acceptable as well as good performance parameters which makes the proposed MIMO antenna a suitable candidate for high-density packing and massive MIMO applications.
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