Abstract
In this paper, a low-profile circularly polarized (CP) conical-beam antenna with a wide overlap bandwidth is presented. Such an antenna is constructed on the two sides of a square substrate. The antenna consists of a wideband monopolar patch antenna fed by a probe in the center and two sets of arc-hook-shaped branches. The monopolar patch antenna is loaded by a set of conductive shorting vias to achieve a wideband vertically polarized electric field. Two sets of arc-hook-shaped parasitic branches connected to the patch and ground plane can generate a horizontally polarized electric field. To further increase the bandwidth of the horizontally polarized electric field, two types of arc-hook-shaped branches with different sizes are used, which can generate another resonant frequency. When the parameters of the arc-hook-shaped branches are reasonably adjusted, a 90° phase difference can be generated between the vertically polarized electric field and the horizontally polarized electric field, so that the antenna can produce a wideband CP radiation pattern with a conical beam. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth ( ∣ S 11 ∣ < − 10 dB ) of 35.6% (4.97-7.14 GHz) and a 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth at phi = 0 ° and theta = 35 ° of about 30.1% (4.97-6.73 GHz). Compared with the earlier reported conical-beam CP antennas, an important feature of the proposed antenna is that the AR bandwidth is completely included in the impedance bandwidth, that is, the overlap bandwidth of ∣ S 11 ∣ < − 10 dB and AR < 3 dB is 30.1%. Moreover, the stable omnidirectional conical-beam radiation patterns can be maintained within the whole operational bandwidth.
Highlights
Polarized (CP) antennas are widely used in modern wireless communication because of their inherent characteristics, such as reduced multipath fading and elimination of the polarization mismatch between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna [1]
We proposed a novel low-profile wideband conical-beam Circularly polarized (CP) antenna, which has a wide impedance bandwidth, wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, and wide overlap bandwidth
The proposed antenna is designed with a center fed wideband monopolar patch, six conductive shorting vias, and two sets of arc-hook-shaped branches
Summary
Polarized (CP) antennas are widely used in modern wireless communication because of their inherent characteristics, such as reduced multipath fading and elimination of the polarization mismatch between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna [1]. In [22], the conical-beam CP antenna used five identical arc-hook branches to connect the patch and ground plane of the monopolar patch and can obtain a wide impedance bandwidth of 17.5% (5.7-6.75 GHz) and AR bandwidth of 26.5% (5.19-6.78 GHz). These antennas usually exhibit a low-profile structure and wide bandwidth, their operating bandwidths were still lower than 30%. The proposed antenna is designed with a center fed wideband monopolar patch, six conductive shorting vias, and two sets of arc-hook-shaped branches. The antenna can be used in satellite communication, indoor communication, and vehicle communication systems
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