Abstract
Wireless sensor networks have been widely adopted, and neighbor discovery is an essential step to construct the networks. Most existing studies on neighbor discovery are designed on the assumption that either all nodes are fully connected or only two nodes compose the network. However, networks are partially connected in reality: some nodes are within radio range of each other, while others are not. Low latency and energy efficiency are two common goals, which become even more challenging to achieve at the same time in partially connected networks. We find that the collision caused by simultaneous transmissions is the main obstruction of achieving the two goals. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm called Panacea to address these challenges by alleviating collisions. To begin with, we design Panacea-NCD (Panacea no collision detection) for nodes that do not have a collision detection mechanism. When n is large, we show the discovery latency is bounded by for any duty cycle (the percentage time to turn on the radio), where each node has n neighbors on average. For nodes that can detect collisions, we then present Panacea-WCD which also bounds the latency within slots. Finally, we conduct extensive evaluations and the results also corroborate our analyses.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks have been widely adopted in a wide range of Internet-of-Things (IoT)applications such as smart cities [1], health-care systems [2,3], intelligent detection [4,5], and remote monitoring [6,7,8]
We propose the Panacea algorithm for a partially connected network which discovers all neighbors in O(n ln n) slots where n is the number of neighbors on average; With the collision detection hardware mechanism, we modify the algorithm, creating
When the nodes cannot detect communication collision, we introduce the idea of designing the probabilistic algorithm called Panacea-NCD (Panacea no collision detection)
Summary
Zhaoquan Gu 1 , Zhen Cao 2 , Zhihong Tian 1, * , Yuexuan Wang 3, * and Xiaojiang Du 4 and Guizani Mohsen 5. College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. This paper is an extended version of our paper published in Cao, Z.; Gu, Z.; Wang, Y.; Cui, H. A Low-Latency, Energy-Efficient Neighbor Discovery Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Barcelona, Spain, 15–18. Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 21 January 2020; Published: 24 January 2020
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have