Abstract
Most direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation approaches for conformal array suffer from high computational complexity, which cause high energy loss for the direction finding system. Thus, a low energy consumption DOA estimation algorithm for conformal array antenna is proposed in this paper. The arbitrary baseline direction finding algorithm is extended to estimate DOA for a conformal array in ultra-wideband. The rotation comparison method is adopted to solve the ambiguity of direction finding. The virtual baseline approach is used to construct the virtual elements. Theoretically, the virtual elements can be extended in the space flexibility. Four elements (both actual and virtual elements) can be used to obtain a group of solutions. The space angle estimation can be obtained by using sub-array divided technique and matrix inversion method. The stability of the proposed algorithm can be guaranteed by averaging the angles obtained by different sub-arrays. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method with high DOA estimation accuracy and relatively low computational complexity.
Highlights
Conformal array antennas mounted on curved surfaces are commonly implemented in various areas, such as radar, sonar and wireless communication [1]
The joint frequency and 2D DOA estimations for cylindrical conformal array antenna are acquired using state-space and propagator method, and the interpolation technique is adopted for parameter pairing [22]
Virtual baseline algorithm combines with 3D arbitrary algorithm and 2D-DOA estimation is summarized as follows: 1. The array antennas mounted on aircraft are arranged reasonably
Summary
Conformal array antennas mounted on curved surfaces are commonly implemented in various areas, such as radar, sonar and wireless communication [1]. The most commonly used DOA estimation algorithms are not suitable for conformal array antenna. DOA estimation algorithms for conformal array antennas, which have high resolution, are proposed [18,19,20,21,22]. The joint frequency and 2D DOA estimations for cylindrical conformal array antenna are acquired using state-space and propagator method, and the interpolation technique is adopted for parameter pairing [22]. An arbitrary baseline “2D and 3D” direction finding algorithm based on conformal array antenna is proposed. The transformation errors such as the error of the phase modes of order and the error of array interpolation could not affect the estimation result of the proposed algorithm.
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