Abstract
This paper presents a versatile ballast for discharge lamps, whose operation is based on the notion of a loss-free resistor (LFR). The ballast consists of two stages: (1) a boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and exhibiting an LFR behavior imposed by sliding-mode control; and (2) a resonant inverter supplying the discharge lamp at high frequencies. Thanks to this mode of operation, the power transferred to the lamp is regulated by the LFR input resistance, allowing successful ignition, warm-up, nominal, and dimming operation of a range of discharge lamps, with no need for complex regulation schemes based on lamp models. The versatility of the ballast has been experimentally proven for both conventional and electrodeless discharge lamps. Tests include induction electrodeless fluorescent (IEFL), high-pressure sodium (HPS) vapor, and metal-halide lamps.
Highlights
Lighting from electricity accounts for approximately 15–19% of global energy consumption and over five percent of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
Efficient lighting sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and discharge lamps, are increasingly used as a simple and cheap procedure to reduce the contribution of electricity consumers to global warming [3,4,5,6,7]
LEDs are steadily increasing their rated power and luminous efficacy in terms of lumen/Watt, discharge lamps are still competitive in applications requiring high power and long lifespan
Summary
Lighting from electricity accounts for approximately 15–19% of global energy consumption and over five percent of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Efficient lighting sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and discharge lamps, are increasingly used as a simple and cheap procedure to reduce the contribution of electricity consumers to global warming [3,4,5,6,7]. In this sense, LEDs are steadily increasing their rated power and luminous efficacy in terms of lumen/Watt, discharge lamps are still competitive in applications requiring high power and long lifespan. High-performance LEDs last about 50,000 h, and high-pressure sodium (HPS) or metal-halide (MH) lifespan is between 15,000 and 25,000 h, external coil induction electrodeless fluorescents (IEFLs) can last up to 100,000 h with a very little light output depreciation until the very end of its life
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