Abstract
In this work, an architecture for IoT networks oriented towards environmental sustainability is presented. Due to the suitability of its characteristics in terms of coverage, power and support of a large number of devices, an enhanced LoRaWAN network has been chosen as the basis for this proposal. The architecture is completed with the virtualization of the different LoRaWAN network entities and the usage of a software-defined network for their interconnection. The publication and subscription to environmental data is carried out by using the MQTT protocol. MQTT has been optimized thanks to the use of the SDN network and the use of edge computing resources, which allows multicasting of published data. Thanks to our developed MQTT2MULTICAST protocol, latency is improved by approx. 90% and the traffic load within the SDN network is reduced by 55%. An scalability analysis shows that this solution is able to support tens of thousands of LoRaWAN gateways. The proposed architecture has been implemented using commercial equipment as a proof of concept.
Highlights
The objective of this work is the design of an IoT (Internet of Things) network architecture for the collection, processing and distribution of environmental information
In order to reduce the number of MQTT topics between proxies, which will be mapped to multicast IP addresses, we propose to follow the The Things Networks (TTN) approach with
We capture packet traces using tshark [26] at the publisher and the subscribers, so we can obtain the time between the publication and its reception by post-processing these traces
Summary
The objective of this work is the design of an IoT (Internet of Things) network architecture for the collection, processing and distribution of environmental information. Since a LoRaWAN network is being used for the radio part, the backbone network will include the required network and application servers These types of servers usually utilizes the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) [2] protocol to exchange information with both internal and external entities. Many of these entities receive the same information, which makes multicast suitable and more efficient for this type of networks. For this reason, as will be explained we will introduced a multicast-based solution that will reduce both MQTT generated traffic and its latency.
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