A Look Into the Power of fNIRS Signals by Using the Welch Power Spectral Estimate for Deception Detection.

Jiang Zhang,Zhengcong Du,Jingyue Zhang,Houhua Ren,Zhen Yuan,Qihong Liu,Lan Wu,Liyang Sai,Xiaohong Lin,Site Mo

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.606238

Abstract

Neuroimaging technologies have improved our understanding of deception and also exhibit their potential in revealing the origins of its neural mechanism. In this study, a quantitative power analysis method that uses the Welch power spectrum estimation of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals was proposed to examine the brain activation difference between the spontaneous deceptive behavior and controlled behavior. The power value produced by the model was applied to quantify the activity energy of brain regions, which can serve as a neuromarker for deception detection. Interestingly, the power analysis results generated from the Welch spectrum estimation method demonstrated that the spontaneous deceptive behavior elicited significantly higher power than that from the controlled behavior in the prefrontal cortex. Meanwhile, the power findings also showed significant difference between the spontaneous deceptive behavior and controlled behavior, indicating that the reward system was only involved in the deception. The proposed power analysis method for processing fNIRS data provides us an additional insight to understand the cognitive mechanism of deception.

Highlights

Deception is a universally existing sociopsychological phenomenon, involving such psychological activities as perception, memory, thinking, and imagination (Depaulo et al, 2003; Crossman and Lewis, 2006; Talwar and Kang, 2008; Kang, 2013)
In view of the fact that the neural activities are accompanied by energy and power variation, the power changes of hemodynamic response, capable of reflecting brain activity intensity (Buxton et al, 2004; Zhang et al, 2010b), this study proposes a power analysis method based on the Welch power spectrum estimation of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals including hemodynamic information, in a bid to quantify the brain hemodynamic responses associated with deception underlying various behavior states
The Welch power spectrum estimation of HbO signals was first generated for each channel from each subject

Summary

Introduction

Deception is a universally existing sociopsychological phenomenon, involving such psychological activities as perception, memory, thinking, and imagination (Depaulo et al, 2003; Crossman and Lewis, 2006; Talwar and Kang, 2008; Kang, 2013). Electroencephalography (EEG)/event-related potential (ERP) (Fukuda, 2001; Carrión et al, 2010), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Harada et al, 2009; Abe, 2011; Gamer et al, 2012), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) (Bhutta et al, 2015; Zhang et al, 2016), and various data analysis methods (Christ et al, 2009; Zhang et al, 2016) were used to elicit the neural mechanisms underlying deception. Deception still remains a profound paradigm for studying human behaviors, in view of the great complexity of deception in different environments and the limited understanding of neural mechanisms underlying various situations

Methods

Results

Conclusion