Abstract
Adult day care (ADC) provides various services for meeting clients’ needs. Based on the mini-Delphi method with 46 ADC staff and the discussions with eight ADC administrators, this study developed and finalized a comprehensive logic model to represent the elements of ADC. For the three basic structures of a logic model—inputs/activities, outputs, and outcomes—the model contained seven core categories and 23 sub-categories. The ADC inputs/activities consisted of two core categories: “Place to stay” and “Intervention from staff”. These inputs/activities caused two kinds of outputs: “Clients’ experiences” and “Families’ experiences”. “Accumulating experiences” with repeated ADC visits was established as the link between the ADC outputs and outcomes, which were “Clients’ change” and “Families’ change”. ADC centers provide various experiences for their clients and their caregivers, ranging from the fulfillment of needs for fundamental care to psychiatric care and self-actualization. Improving various model-related inputs/interventions can produce better experiences and outcomes. The model can guide ADC administrators, policymakers, and researchers in the evaluation of a heterogeneous ADC service program that is community-based, thereby ensuring optimal care for clients with an efficient use of resources.
Highlights
With rapidly aging global populations, the disabled aged population has increased
A total of 101 items were extracted from the group interviews and discussions
Within inputs/activities, the “Place to stay” category concerned the geographic aspect of adult day care (ADC), where clients can be safe and surrounded by people, whereas the “Intervention from staff” category concerned the interventions and behaviors by ADC staff
Summary
With rapidly aging global populations, the disabled aged population has increased. Long-term care (LTC) is one of the approaches which provides health promotion for disabled persons, and expenditures on long-term care (LTC) have increased. As a share of the gross domestic product (GDP), LTC increased more rapidly than any other health care expenditure during the 2005–2015 period [1]. In Japan, younger generations have responded to the need to spend a greater proportion of Japan’s GDP on LTC by becoming hyper-vigilant regarding the “whats” and “hows” of the care being offered to older people. Increased spending on LTC, coupled with the vigilance of the young, has contributed to a growing interest in adult day care (ADC) services/centers for the disabled elderly population. With such economic and societal “pressures”, ADC staff must provide optimal care while maintaining an efficient use of resources
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