Abstract
In the new paradigm of urban microgrids, load-balancing control becomes essential to ensure the balance and quality of energy consumption. Thus, phase-load balance method becomes an alternative solution in the absence of distributed generation sources. Development of efficient and robust load-balancing control algorithms becomes useful for guaranteeing the load balance between phases and consumers, as well as to establish an automatic integration between the secondary grid and the supervisory center. This article presents a new phase-balancing control model based on hierarchical Petri nets (PNs) to encapsulate procedures and subroutines, and to verify the properties of a combined algorithm system, identifying the load imbalance in phases and improving the selection process of single-phase consumer units for switching, which is based on load-imbalance level and its future state of load consumption. A reliable flow of automated procedures is obtained, which effectively guarantees the load equalization in the low-voltage grid.
Highlights
Electric energy distribution in low voltage (LV) can be enhanced by a distributed architecture based on urban microgrids(UMG) [1,2,3,4]
This overall integrated control is managed by a Local Controller Supervisor (LCS), which works as an interface with smart meters [13,19]
We address the control system design using a hierarchical Petri net to achieve an automated and efficient flow for phase-load balancing in the LV grid
Summary
Control and Automation Engineering Department, High School Technology, University of the Amazon State, Manaus 69050-025, Brazil. Received: 17 October 2018; Accepted: 19 November 2018; Published: 22 November 2018
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