A Literature Review on Postpartum Perineal Wound Care: Epidemiology, Impact, and Future Interventions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Perineal injury is an injury to the urogenital diaphragm and levator ani muscle, which occurs during normal delivery, or vaginal delivery, can occur without injury to the perineal or vaginal skin. Perineal wounds become one of the breeding media for germs so that it becomes the cause of puerperal infection. Perineal infection can occur because the location of the perineum is moist so that it becomes a breeding ground for bacteria. Incidence of infection that occurs in the perineal wound can spread to the birth canal or urinary tract. Infectious conditions in the perineal wound will slow down the wound healing process, because it can increase the damage to the supporting tissues of the skin. AIM: This systematic review aims to see how postnatal perineal wound care: Epidemiology, impact, and future interventions. METHODS: Researchers searched for quantitative studies published between 2017 and 2021, using PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. Thirty studies in systematics review. RESULTS: The studies that have been collected that there are nine studies discussing the effect of therapies given to the treatment of perineal wounds in studies that discuss therapy two studies including discussing infrared lamp therapy, one study discussing the effects of mastic oleoresin, one study discussing betel leaf decoction, one study discussing the effectiveness of Aloe vera, one study discussing the effects of cinnamon, one study discussed the application of negative pressure sores, one study discussed the effect of pineapple fruit juice, and one other study discussed the effects of carvacrol, tymol, and olive oil. Then, two studies discussed the prevalence of perineal wound events and three studies discussed the characteristics of perineum wounds. CONCLUSION: This systematic review evaluates and synthesizes the effectiveness of intervention methods of perineal wound pain reduction and perineal wound healing (episiotomy) and improves comfort in consideration of the methodological evidence level of stud patients’ comfort.