A Literature Review on Pneumatic Operated CPM Machine for Knee and Ankle

Abstract

bstract: Continuous passive motion (CPM) is a therapy in which a machine is used to move a joint without the patient having to exert any effort. A motorized device gently bends the joint back and forth to a set number of degrees, and the amount of movement and speed can be adjusted by the physical therapist. CPM machines are most commonly used on knee joints (after some types of knee surgery), but there are versions made for other joints as well. CPM is helpful when used according to a different principle than continuous motion. Rather than having the device flexing and extending the elbow on a continuous basis, I use the device asslow intermittent passive positioning. The day after release, my patients start slow intermittent passive placement, using the first 12 to 24 hours for rest and elevation. The machine is originally set to its most extreme acceptable extension and flexion positions. The antecubital fossa bandages must be taken off since they will prevent bending. The patient (or parent) is instructed on how to operate the machine-stopping button. The absolute minimum displacement rate is chosen. The patient is told to let the machine extend the elbow to its fullest extent, stop it, and hold it there for 20 to 30 minutes. When the button is pressed, motion is resumed up to the point of maximally tolerable flexion. Once more, the position is maintained for 20–30 minutes. The joint is kept in its most extreme position from the start of rehabilitation in this fashion, which is the intended outcome. There is no benefit to cycling the joint more frequently, and doing so could make the swelling worse. The indwelling catheter can be used to provide anaesthesia to treat pain and calm the muscular guarding if the CPM causes substantial guarding