A Literature Review on African Leadership and Ubuntu Philosophy

Abstract

Africa is always called the cradle of humanity. Since the ages, Africa has had its particular way of exercising leadership, typically called “chiefdom” and “kingdom.” Unfortunately, with globalization, this leadership approach has been misunderstood and misinterpreted. Many have associated it with dictatorship, yet it is not necessarily the case; it all depends on the leader. The misinterpretations are mainly caused by the biases of the writers. Africa has many values, which are unique to Africa. One of the particularities is the Ubuntu philosophy. The daily practice of the Ubuntu philosophy has increased the unicity of Africa as manifested through generosity, love, care, and hospitality, especially to foreigners. If Africa is still standing today, it’s because of its leadership based on African culture. In Africa, leadership is not only limited to positions but also with high consideration with respect to age differences. Anyone older than I am is considered a role model, a mentor, and a coach. Using literature review method, this study explores the original African leadership in contrast with the modern Western leadership in Africa through the African lens.