Abstract

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 식행동 및 영양섭취 관련 선행연구에 대한 고찰 및 분석을 통해 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 건강한 식생활 지원을 위한 향후 과제에 주는 시사점을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 지난 15년 동안 발표된 선행연구 총 26편을 선정하고, 선정된 논문의 전반적 연구 동향과 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 식행동 및 영양섭취 특성을 분석하였다. 선행연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대부분의 선행연구들은 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동과 일반아동의 식행동을 비교하여 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 비전형적인 특성을 조사하였다. 둘째, 연구자료 수집은 주로 부모가 질문지에 응답하거나 부모의 아동 관찰을 통해 이루어졌다. 셋째, 여러 선행연구에서 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 식행동과 개인변인 간에 관계가 있음을 보고하였으나, 그들의 식행동과 가족변인 간의 관계를 조사한 연구는 상대적으로 부족하였다. 넷째, 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 영양섭취 및 영양상태에 대한 연구는 그 편수가 많지 않고, 몇몇 선행연구는 상충된 결과를 보고 하기도 하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 토대로 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 식행동 및 영양관련 향후 연구과제에 대한 시사점이 논의되었다.This study was to review literature on eating behaviors and nutrient intake in children with autism spectrum disorders, and provide directions for future research. Twenty-six studies published over the last 15 years were identified and analyzed. The results of this synthesis indicated that the majority of the studies focused on comparing eating behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders to those of children without autism spectrum disorders, and identified atypical eating behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders. The common procedure for collecting information about the eating behaviors and nutrient intake of children with autism spectrum disorders was a questionnaire and observations. Overall, the studies exhibited that there were relationships between individual variables and eating behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders, but few studies examined relationships between family variables and eating behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorders. There were also a small number of studies of nutrient intake and nutritional adequacy among children with autism spectrum disorders, and several studies produced conflicting results. Based on the findings, the future directions for eating behaviors and nutrition of children with autism spectrum disorders were discussed.

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