A Literature Review of Advanced Maternal Age in Pregnant Women with COVID-19

Abstract

Background: During pregnancy, the risk of severe manifestation of COVID-19 with a worse maternal outcome can become higher because of the alteration in the immune system and physiological function. In COVID-19 infection, several studies also stated the increased risk of severe disease in advanced maternal age (AMA). Considering that the death and severe case rates in advanced-aged pregnant women with COVID-19 were high, special attention should be focused on this matter. There was still little study that focused on the outcome of COVID-19 in pregnant women with advanced age as well. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the risks and the outcomes of advanced maternal age-pregnancy with COVID-19. Method: The method used in this paper is the Literature Review which aspires to analyze the risk and the outcome of COVID-19 in advanced maternal-age pregnancy. The databases used in the source search are PubMed, Google Scholar, JAMA, and AJOG. The keywords for the search were advanced maternal age, COVID-19, and pregnancy. Results: The mortality and morbidity of AMA who had COVID-19 were higher than non-AMA pregnant women. Severe conditions of COVID-19 were increased in AMA patients. They were at risk of having ICU admission and intubation. Advanced-aged mothers were more likely to have comorbidity including obesity. They also had a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion: The adverse maternal aged-pregnant women with COVID-19 had higher risks of having comorbidities, severe conditions of COVID-19, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and mortality. Therefore, early risk identification needs to be done to identify the special management for the patients