Abstract
Abstract Water in sufficient quantity and quality is indispensable for multiple purposes like domestic and industrial use, irrigated agriculture, hydropower generation and ecosystem functioning. In many regions of the world, water availability is limited and even declining. Moreover, water availability is variable in space and time and often does not match with the spatio-temporal demand pattern. To overcome the temporal discrepancy between availability and consumption, reservoirs are constructed. Monitoring and predicting the water available in the reservoirs, the needs of the consumers and the losses throughout the river and water distribution system are necessary requirements to fairly allocate the available water to the different users, prevent floods and ensure sufficient water flow in the river. In this paper, this surface water allocation problem is considered a Network Flow Optimisation Problem (NFOP) solved by spatio-temporal optimisation using linear programming techniques.
Highlights
Water is required for multiple purposes such as domestic and industrial use, irrigated agriculture, hydropower generation and ecosystem functioning
The availability of surface water is variable in space and time and this variability often does not match with the spatially and temporally distributed demand pattern of the water consumers
Monitoring the water present in the reservoirs, the needs of the consumers and the losses throughout the water system is indispensable for fair water allocation
Summary
Water is required for multiple purposes such as domestic and industrial use, irrigated agriculture, hydropower generation and ecosystem functioning. The availability of surface water is variable in space and time and this variability often does not match with the spatially and temporally distributed demand pattern of the water consumers. Agriculture requires irrigation when precipitation is low and power needs to be generated throughout the year, when the river discharge is low. To overcome the temporal discrepancy between water availability and consumption, reservoirs have been or need to be constructed. Monitoring the water present in the reservoirs, the needs of the consumers and the losses throughout the water system is indispensable for fair water allocation.
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