Abstract
Self-reconfiguration in electrical power grids is a significant tool for their planning and operation during both normal and abnormal conditions. The increasing in employment of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), as well as the rapid growth of the new communication technologies have increased the application of Feeder Automation (FA) in Distribution Networks (DNs). In a Smart Grid (SG), automation equipment, such as a Smart Breaker (SB), is used. Using either a wired or a wireless network or even a combination of both, communication between the Control Center (CC) and SBs can be made. Nowadays, wireless technology is widely used in the communication of DNs. This may cause several security vulnerabilities in the power system, such as remote attacks, with the goal of cutting off the electrical power provided to significant consumers. Therefore, to preserve the cybersecurity of the system, there is a need for a secure scheme. The available literature investments proposed a heavyweight level in security schemes, while the overhead was not considered. To overcome this drawback, this paper presents an efficient lightweight authentication mechanism with the necessary steps to ensure real-time automatic reconfiguration during a fault. As a first stage, authentication will be made between CC and SB, SB then sends the information about its status. To ensure the integrity of the authentication exchange, a hash function is used, while the symmetric algorithm is used to ensure privacy. The applicability of the suggested scheme has been proved by conducting security performance and analysis. The proposed scheme will be injected on ABB medium voltage breaker with the REF 542plus controller. Therefore, the probable benefit of the suggested scheme is the contribution to provide more flexibility for electrical utilities in terms of reducing the overall computational overhead and withstanding to various types of attacks, while also opening new prospects in FA of SGs.
Highlights
A topic that is currently being frequently discussed is how the electrical power networks will be designed in the future
The security and privacy of communication between the Smart Breaker (SB) and the Control Center (CC) are important to prevent partial system outages that may lead to large-scale blackouts, damage of the electrical equipment or serious consequences in the power grid
Pursuing higher security by sacrificing communication and computation costs is unfair to the utility
Summary
A topic that is currently being frequently discussed is how the electrical power networks will be designed in the future. The authors proposed a new protocol for key management to secure data among the utility server and the SMs. The Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) offer a time-synchronized assessment of the situations for electrical power networks over a large geographical area. The proposed authentication scheme employed a symmetric key to secure real-time data in the transmission lines. All the previous challenges were addressed by proposing a lightweight authentication scheme for securing the communication between the CC and SBs in an SG. This paper contributes to providing SE authentication with RE and to the creation of a secure channel between the CC and the SBs. The proposed scheme will use the symmetric system to ensure the integrity of various interactions with the cryptographic hash function.
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